Delirium, Depression, Interventions for Mr. Davids Health Situation - 3575 Words

Dementia, Delirium and Depression, Interventions for Mr. David's Health Situation (Case Study Sample) Content: Dementia, Delirium and DepressionName:Institution:IntroductionThis article is meant to create a clear relation between dementia, delirium and depression and how they are related to Mr. David Geoffries health situation in the case study. The case study Mr. Geoffries had been diagnosed with dementia and had past medical history of CVA. The diagnosis of dementia is made by the memory loss and communication difficulties that Mr. Geoffries faces (Cerejeira et al., 2012, p.73). Though dementia also causes communication difficulty, Mr. David got diagnosed 20years with cerebrovascular disease that greatly affect his speech and its one of dementia symptoms that Mr. Geoffries experiences when his grandson speaks on his behalf. Furthermore, Mr. David suffers from atrial fibrillation which also causes confusion, fatigue, and dizziness. He also suffers from Type 2 diabetes which is often caused by the lack production of insulin by the pancreas, moreover, he suffers from depression which is often caused by dementia if it is not treated early. He further suffers from glaucoma which causes severe pain of the eye and headaches that are due to the pains caused by the affected eye. Mr. David appeared confused and even hit out at the person who was trying to shower him which is a clear symptom of delirium (Voyer et al., 2012, p. 264). It is also observed that Mr. David is brought to the hospital due to incontinent in urine and feces which is mainly caused by recurring urinary tract infection, diabetes, old age and senile dementia (Bardsley, 2013, p.41). This article also addresses the interventions that the nurses are to undertake to make sure that Mr. Davids condition improves.Description of Dementia, Delirium and Depression from the Case Study 1 DementiaFrom the case study, it is evident that Mr. Geoffries suffers severely from these diseases which have caused communication difficulty and confusion. For instance, Dementia affects Mr. David in that it has created his memory loss and communication difficulty. Other signs and symptoms include confusion and disorientation which result in difficulty in problem-solving ability. The disorder is one of the primary reasons why the patient got brought to the hospital, and it is clear that dementia could be the most probable cause. Furthermore, on the psychological side dementia is known to cause depression, anxiety and inappropriate behaviors such as aggression when Mr. David hits out at the person who was trying to shower him and he reacts the same way to the nurses (Gitlin et al., 2012, p.2020). 2 DeliriumThis disease causes the reduction in awareness of the environment that the patients are within. For instance, due to the confusion and disorientation Mr. David's grandson acts as his guardian because his grandfather is unaware of the environment which he is within. Another symptom includes difficulty in speech, nonsense speech and trouble understanding what is getting communicated to the patient. These symptoms are evident when Mr. David lashes out at the person who was trying to shower him and when his grandson represented him in the hospital as his guardian because his speech was not sufficient (Lundstrm et al., 2012, p.164). Furthermore, delirium makes the patient feel restless and agitated; these are evident in Mr. David's case when he is restless and keeps wanting to get up from the chair next to his bed. Moreover, Mr. David gets personality and mood changes when he proves difficult to the staff who try to get him into the shower. The unpredicted mood shift that Mr. David experiences are due him suffering from delirium. 3 DepressionMr. David experiences depression because the doctor believes that he is disinterested in life other than food and his sleeping pattern. These are clear signs and symptoms of depression in that the loss of interest in life is because Mr. Geoffries has no social experience that could excite him. Furthermore, depression may cause decrease or inc rease in appetite and Mr. David's case it has increased his appetite because that is the only thing that he is interested. Moreover, the sleeping pattern of Mr. Geoffries has changed which is a clear indication of depression (Brown and Harris, 2012). The patient is also unsteady on his feet which proves that he is weak and this is another sign of distress. Therefore, when Mr. David hit out at the nurses who were trying to get him into the shower can be attributed to recession because he proved agitated which is another sign and symptom of depression. Moreover, Mr. David feels worthless because some of the staff members had been heard talking about him saying that Mr. Geoffries is like a baby and they also admonished him. These behaviors demonstrated by the staff members further proved devastating to the state of Mr. Geofferies as he got more depressed and felt neglected.Interventions for Mr. Davids Health SituationMr. David is placed on antibiotics and the use of incontinence pads c ontinues with an order of zinc cream application to the groin. The zinc cream is applied on Mr. David on the weepy or bleeding areas three times a day and whenever stooling occurs. It is also essential that when the next application happens, the zinc cream should not get scrubbed entirely. The stool should be gently stooled off and this should be done daily using oil to soften it and balance Mr. Davids skin pH level then the stool is gently removed with incontinence cleanser (Junkin, 2008). Also, Mr. David can be positioned semi-prone for about 30 minutes twice or thrice per day to expose the affected skin to the air, and this gets done so that the affected area may dry up which fastens the healing process. The care practitioner should also consider treatment that reduces moisture which gets done by using low air loss mattress and more frequent turning of Mr. David so that the affected skin may not get tampered. Moreover, Mr. Geoffries is given antibiotics because he is in pain due to the urinary tract infection which causes pain whenever he goes for a short call (Silver, 2017). Furthermore, the doctor considers prescribing respiridone for his aggression and an antidepressant because the doctor assessed Mr. David as being depressed. The doctor prescribed the respiridone because it is an antipsychotic drug which is used to treat restlessness, psychotic symptoms such as hallucination and aggression which are often present with people who have contracted dementia. The doctor also prescribes antidepressant drugs which are most used to reduce aggression and create a calm feeling for patients such as Mr. David who have dementia (Ames, 2016, p.2).Physical Aspects and Psychosocial NeedsPhysical aspects may include performing various physical activities by the patient under the supervision of a professional health practitioner. These physical activities should be safe, and the training should at least take 30 minutes. Physical exercise is a certified useful method that improves the condition of dementia patients such as Mr. David. The physical exercise intervention would effective on Mr. Geoffries because it is often used on old individuals who are affected by dementia to improve their health and well-being (Zeng et al., 2016, p.168). Moreover, physical activity programs are helpful in that they help relieve dementia patients who have mild and moderate conditions such as Mr. David who is often aggressive and restless. Another significant purpose of physical activities is that they improve the structure and functioning of the brain which is key to enhancing Mr. David's situation because he experiences memory loss. From the case study, Mr. Geoffries son sometimes plays poker with him when he visits which help in brain structure and functioning. It is also seen that Mr. David is unsteady on his feet and physical activities can improve the balance, stride length and performance on his daily living activities (Zeng et al., 2016, p.168).Psychosocial in terventions have a purpose of improving the quality of life of the patient and maximizing it in spite of the existing challenges. This intervention uses various methods which include behavior-oriented approach, stimulation-oriented approach, and emotional-approach. Therefore, most psychosocial interventions are aimed at improving the cognitive skill and behavior of the patient following diagnosis of dementia (Vernooij-Dassen et al. 2010, p.1121). Psychosocial interventions help the patient and their family to come to terms with the fact that their loved one is affected by dementia. From the case study, Mr. Geofferies appears depressed and spends most of his time sleeping due to the infection rendering him dependent on the nurses. Furthermore, this intervention helps Mr. David and his family to maintain their social life and relationship even after the diagnosis are made that he is affected with dementia (Guss et al., 2014, p.2). We can see that his family visits him frequently and even his son tries to play poker with him when he visits. Moreover, the family has placed photographs around the room of Mr. Geofferies, and they start a diary of their visits which is a significant example of psychosocial intervention. Another purpose of psychosocial response is to reduce stress and improve the mood of Mr. David and improve his memory and thinking. From the case study, we can see that this is effective in that Mr. Geofferies appears awake, happy and interacts with his children and grandchildren when they visit. Moreover, he is also able to answer closed-ended questions and has a good memory because he can remember his children and grandchildren.Addressing the Environmental ConsiderationsIt is essential to create a soothing and calming environment which is helpful in the recovery of patients with dementia. The essence of this is that the calm atmosphere will minimize the chances of confusion and...

Activity Analysis Occupational Therapy Practitioners

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Today’s mass media has been molded by hundreds of years of...

Today’s mass media has been molded by hundreds of years of reporting, journalism, and personal opinions. America’s mainstream media thrives upon stretching the truth and ‘creating’ interesting stories for the public. Tactics like this can be credited to people such as William Randolph Hearst, a newspaper mogul from the late 19th to the 20th centuries. Hearst greatly influenced the practice of American journalism through his wealth, short political career, and use of unorthodox reporting methods such as yellow journalism. Born in San Francisco in 1863 to California gold rush millionaire George Hearst, William Randolph displayed a love for journalism at young age. While attending Harvard College, he wrote for the Harvard Lampoon, the†¦show more content†¦When first using this method, the Examiner mainly reported on government corruption, public institution issues, and ethics controversies. During this time period, writing articles that so greatly stretched the truth was not only legal, but captured readers and immensely increased newspaper sales. Hearst quickly rose to the top in the newspaper world and bought Pulitzer’s New York Morning Journal in 1895 (pbs.org). By this time, competition between Pulitzer and Hearst was so intense that they both lowered the prices of their papers (Pulitzer followed Hearst on this move). To gain the upper hand, Hearst set upon Pulitzer’s staff at the New York World and offered the best writers higher salaries to come work for him in San Francisco (pbs.org). Hearst’s frequent use of yellow journalism continued to contribute to his rise to the top of the media world. His coverage of the Cuban Revolution of 1895 notably increased his newspapers’ popularity by supporting the Cubans and calling for the support of the U.S. government. Even Hearst himself did not personally agree with many of the articles in his papers; however, he published them because the American public loved to read them and his newspaper sales skyrocketed. For example, Hearst’s political party (democrats) harshly opposed U.S. involvement in Cuban Revolution; yet, to sell more papers, Hearst published stories strongly supporting AmericanShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesInterior Design: Suzanne Duda and Michael Fruhbeis Permissions Project Manager: Shannon Barbe Manager, Cover Visual Research Permissions: Karen Sanatar Manager Central Design: Jayne Conte Cover Art: Getty Images, Inc. Cover Design: Suzanne Duda Lead Media Project Manager: Denise Vaughn Full-Service Project Management: Sharon Anderson/BookMasters, Inc. Composition: Integra Software Services Printer/Binder: Edwards Brothers Cover Printer: Coral Graphics Text Font: 10/12 Weidemann-Book Credits and acknowledgments

A Road Not Taken” and “Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening comparison free essay sample

?Both Robert Frosts â€Å"A Road Not Taken† and â€Å"Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening† are about making choices, affecting life. The both reflect on the human nature of questioning one’s self and one’s decisions in life. In â€Å"A Road Not Taken† it seems as if the speaker is upset that they had not taken a different path in life so he decides to â€Å"take the one less travel by. † â€Å"Stopping By the Woods on a snowy Evening† tell us that the speaker is upset and regrets that they have missed things in life. Both have to do with the feeling of making the wrong choice and facing disappointment in life while both poems are about different situations. â€Å"A Road Not Taken† is about coming to a cross road in life and trying to decide which path to take. To me it seems as if the speaker has followed the mainstream life style that everyone else around them had and they wanted to do something different in life. We will write a custom essay sample on A Road Not Taken† and â€Å"Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening comparison or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The choice to do something different led them to â€Å"take the path less traveled†. â€Å"Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening† the subject stops to gaze at the beauty of woods yet he leaves remembering that he had a prior engagement. The moods and motivation of both poems are similar, contemplative and conflicted. Both speakers are alone on their paths to make their own choices in life. Yet they seem fascinated with the calmness that is in front of them in the woods. Both poems tell that the speakers have internal conflicts about their lives and the road is used at a metaphor for life. The speakers in both poems use different ways to decide what path to take for different reasons. Stopping By the Woods on a Snowy Evening the character is facing a decision of life and death when he is looking at the â€Å"dark woods† and â€Å"frozen lake† and his obligations in life outweigh staying in the woods in the isolation of the â€Å"lovely and â€Å"deep and dark† woods. In â€Å"The Road Not Taken† the speaker is confronted with the choice and option to follow the norm and take the path most traveled or take the path less traveled. He takes the path less traveled and in a way is going against the norms of society. He takes time to contemplate his decision and weighs out his choices when he says â€Å"Oh I kept the first for another day. †

Tourism and Ecosystem

This paper aims at describing the impact of tourism on the ecosystem. This paper will begin by defining tourism and the ecosystem. Thereafter, it will give examples of how tourism affects the ecosystem. This paper will then sum up its discussion by providing a number of recommendations.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Tourism and Ecosystem specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to Jax, â€Å"an ecosystem is a community of living organisms together with the physical processes which occur within an environment† (20). On the other hand, Tourism, according to Goeldner, â€Å"arises from the movement of people to and their stay in, various destinations† (10). Goeldner defines tourism as â€Å"the temporary, short term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and their activities during their stay at these destinations; it includes movement for all purposes as well as day visits or excursions† (10). Basically, tourism occurs in two forms: â€Å"the journey to the destination and the stay including the activities at the destination† (Goeldner 10). It is important to note that the journey and the stay take place in an area distant from the normal place of work or stay. Tourists usually engage in activities which are different from those done while at work or at home. The interaction between humans and the ecosystem has contributed to various changes in the ecosystem. Tourism, which is a popular human activity, continues to change the ecosystem. However, detecting changes in the ecosystem, which have been caused by tourism can be challenging. The impact of tourism on the ecosystem is not only hard to predict, but also hard to detect. In addition, environmentalists find it challenging to distinguish between those components of change which are part of a natural process and ecosystem dynamics, and those which are as a result of human activities. It is important to understand how tourism affects the ecosystem in order to sustain the ecosystem function and prevent irreparable damage to the biosphere. The impact of tourism on the ecosystem is usually evaluated in terms of an ecological footprint. An ecological footprint, according to Johnson, â€Å"examines the amount of natural resources required to support a specific type of behavior, business or process† (2). Experts argue that many people tend to consume more when they are on vacation or holiday thus tourism heightens this phenomenon (Johnson 1).Advertising Looking for research paper on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A number of studies have highlighted that the ecological footprint of tourists in various tourist destinations is same as that of the locals. Environmentalists hold the opinion that when arrival transport is put into consideration, this ecological footpri nt escalates. Tourism is a major foreign exchange earner for many countries across the globe. Although, tourism is a major source of income for many countries, it has been found that it exerts indirect and direct pressure on species and habitats and, as a result, tourism poses a significant threat to the ecosystem. As mentioned earlier, people tend to consume more when they are on vacation. Thus, Johnson notes that the negative effects of tourism on the ecosystem are likely to increase in tourist destinations where tourists consume more than the local communities (1). A study was conducted recently in Cape Town, South Africa, to evaluate the ecological footprint of tourists in this region. Cape Town is a popular tourist destination in South Africa and it is believed that close to 50 000 tourists visit this town per year. As a result, the local population is increased by 4 percent. During the study, the researchers â€Å"gathered data on arrival transport, on food and fibre consumpt ion, on accommodation, on land use, utilities and waste, on local transport and on activities of tourists on holiday in Cape Town† (Science Direct 1). The researchers found out that arrival transport contributes 75 per cent of the total tourist impact on ecosystem. The study revealed that â€Å"the total impact of one tourist is 45.67gha/per year† (Science Direct 1). Tourist activities often alter the aquatic habitat by interfering with predator prey interactions. Ecotourism Today argues â€Å"off highway vehicles, including all terrain vehicles, Argos, dirt bikes, and off road vehicles, driven trough or across steams and other water bodies can lead to habitat destruction and degradation, including loss of stream bank stability and erosion† (5). Aquatic habitat is likely to be distorted by pollution and alterations in the neighboring habitats. Ecotourism Today (1) agues â€Å"while recreational activities that take place in lakes, streams, wetlands, and their ri parian areas are most likely to negatively impact the aquatic environment, land based activities can also impact the environment† (Ecotourism Today 1).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Tourism and Ecosystem specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ecotourism Today indicates that tourist activities such as fishing and hunting of sea animals often lead to the decline in the pollution of aquatic species (Ecotourism Today 5). Environment protectionists warn that the growth of tourism around the globe has overlooked concerns of increasing ecological resource use (Johnson 2). These claims have been boosted by results from recent studies which indicate that tourist attraction sites and infrastructures are sites of resource overconsumption. For example, a recent study was conducted in the Bahamas to evaluate the impact of tourism on ecosystem. The study collected data â€Å"on bioreproductive land, Bioreproductiv e Sea, built land, energy land, and area for biodiversity† (Johnson 6). During the study, â€Å"the ecological footprint of each resort was broken into a number of key areas of ecological impact; air travel, waste, food, and hotel energy use† (Johnson 6). The study revealed that tourism has a total impact of a 56.89 gha/per year on the selected region (Johnson 6). According to McGraw, the chief editor of Bio Intelligence Service, tourism causes trampling. Vegetation and soil are often disturbed when tourists use the same route frequently. McGraw notes that anchoring activities also degrade the ecosystem: â€Å"Anchoring, snorkeling, sport fishing, scuba diving, yachting and cruising, are some of the activities which can cause direct degradation of marine ecosystems such as coral reefs, and subsequent impacts on coastal protection and fisheries† (McGraw 1). In addition, â€Å"when tourists come too close to animals, they alter the animals’ natural behavior s† (McGraw 2). As the numbers of tourist destinations continue to grow, the impact of tourism on the ecosystem also increases. Many private companies are investing heavily in the construction of recreational centers. Initially, the tourism industry in many countries was controlled by local governments. However, many private firms have entered into the tourism industry.Advertising Looking for research paper on ecology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The tourism industry has been revolutionized by the private sector but at the expense of the environment. According to (McGraw 5), a total of 40 recreational centers have constructed in South Africa in the last five years. In Kenya, a country whose economy relies heavily on tourism, 20 recreational centers have been constructed in the last three years (McGraw 6). In addition, the Kenyan government has taken control of all other small natural reserves, which have any form of wildlife. According to (McGraw 6), Kenya’s Tourism minister argues that taking control of all the natural habitats will enhance the country’s tourism sector in many ways as the number of tourist destinations will increase. This data shows how the natural environment is being altered by tourism. These developments have a significant impact on nearby ecosystems. Many natural lands located close to wildlife ecosystems are being cleared to create space for the construction of centers which will accommod ate the growing number of tourists. Confining wild animals in national parks and game reserves significantly affects their behaviors. The reproduction of these animals is restricted and this can result into the extinction of the confined species. This also affects the animals’ natural feeding habits. Moreover, the confining of wild animals into national parks alters food chains and food webs in the natural world. Recreational centers which are located close to water bodies often discharge wastes into these water bodies thus affecting the aquatic ecosystem. In summary, Tourism, according to Goeldner, â€Å"arises from the movement of people to and their stay in, various destinations† (10). Goeldner defines tourism as â€Å"the temporary, short term movement of people to destinations outside the places where they normally live and work, and their activities during their stay at these destinations; it includes movement for all purposes as well as day visits or excursions † (10). Basically, tourism occurs in two forms: â€Å"the journey to the destination and the stay including the activities at the destination† (Goeldner 10). The impact of tourism on the ecosystem is usually evaluated in terms of an ecological footprint. An ecological footprint, according to Johnson, â€Å"examines the amount of natural resources required to support a specific type of behavior, business or process† (2). Experts argue that many people tend to consume more when they are on vacation or holiday thus tourism heightens this phenomenon (Johnson 1). As the numbers of tourist destinations continue to grow, the impact of tourism on the ecosystem also increases. Many natural lands located close to wildlife ecosystems are being cleared to create space for the construction of centers which will accommodate the growing number of tourists. Confining wild animals in national parks and game reserves significantly affects their behaviors. Environment protectionist s warn that the growth of tourism around the globe has overlooked concerns of increasing ecological resource use (Johnson 2). These claims have been boosted by results from recent studies which indicate that tourist attraction sites and infrastructures are sites of resource overconsumption. Tourist activities often alter the aquatic habitat by interfering with predator prey interactions. Ecotourism Today argues â€Å"off highway vehicles, including all terrain vehicles, Argos, dirt bikes, and off road vehicles, driven trough or across steams and other water bodies can lead to habitat destruction and degradation, including loss of stream bank stability and erosion† (Ecotourism Today 1). Environmental protectionists also argue that it is important to understand how tourism affects the ecosystem in order to sustain the ecosystem function and prevent irreparable damage to the biosphere. However, detecting changes in the ecosystem, which have been caused by tourism can be challeng ing. The impact of tourism on the ecosystem is not only hard to predict, but also hard to detect. In addition, environmentalists find it challenging to distinguish between those components of change which are part of a natural process and ecosystem dynamics, and those which are as a result of human activities. Works Cited Ecotourism Today. ‘Potential Effects from Tourism and Recreation on Aquatic Ecosystems.’ August 2012.Web. Goeldner, Charles. Tourism: Principles, Practices and Philosophies. London: Oxford Press, 2010. Print. Jax, Maxwell. Ecosystems: Basic Principles. Cape Town: Oxford, 2010. Print. Johnson, Allan. Exploring The Ecological Footprint Of Tourism In Ontario. Waterloo, Ontario: Oxford Press, 2010. McGrew, John. â€Å"Environmental Impacts of Tourism†. Bio Intelligence Science 6 June 2010: 1-10. Web. Science Direct. Effects of Tourism on the Ecosystem. March 2012. Web. https://www.sciencedirect.com/. This research paper on Tourism and Ecosystem was written and submitted by user Gloria F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Organizational Fad or Fantasy Example

Organizational Fad or Fantasy Example Organizational Fad or Fantasy – Assignment Example ï » ¿ In your opinion, are teams an effective way for organizations to manage work and get the most out of their employees? Teams are critical in influencing organization performance in two ways; teams can help an organization to achieve incredible results or a team that does work may cause disruption of failure to the organization goals. In this sense, a team would enable an organization to achieve a given goals when its constitution reflects on the perspective of the organization. Conversely, team management has similar features to those observed in an organization. In essence, teams are effective ways that an organization can use to manage its employees. The process of constituting a working team should evaluate the employees who intend to work under the banner of a given team (Ashkanasy, et.al. (2000). This process does not only influence the ability of the team to perform, but also manageability of the team. In most cases, the composition of a team considers the following the skills of the team and the task which the team should perform. Critics have observed that organizations, which have embraced the teamwork attitudes, do not only achieve a given task, but enables their employees to advance their visibility in the organization (Hayes, 2002). When management anticipates delegating some of its duties, the best way to introduce the above is through creation of teams. While delegation enables the management to offer opportunity to leaders and some employees to release their leadership abilities, delegation is effective when working in teams. Teams enable management to influence the behavior of its employees. Large organizations usually develop structures in which various departments work towards meeting a given target. In this sense, the organization delegates the duty to the team leaders. Working within these teams enables the firm to monitor the activities or the behavior of its employees. Conversely, some critics have observed that teams may not deliver the objective of the firm when they do not have specific mission to accomplish. In some cases, some employees may resist the formation of teams. Ideally, many firms develop teams and abandon them after accomplishing a given task. However, some critics have noted that teams tend to be successful when the management and the team coordinate their activities (Lipton, 2002). The management should monitor the activities of the team as well as the motivating it. This enables the team to build the team spirit that is essential in accomplishing the objectives of the firm. Employees tend to demonstrate a sense of belonging. This attribute is critical because it influences individual ability or reaction towards a given action. It is arguable that teams enable employees to work as a group as well as sourcing information from the management. Since teams comprises of a given number, identifying the problems or challenges facing a team is quite easy (Harvard Business School Press, 2010). This enables the employees to express their views in relation to the task they perform. In conclusion, teams may enable an organization to achieve incredible result when its composition considers the tasks and the ability of the employees composing the team. References Ashkanasy, M. N. et.al. (2000). Handbook of Organizational Culture and Climate. London: SAGE. Harvard Business School Press. (2010). Managing Teams. Pennsylvania: Harvard Business Press. Hayes, N. (2002). Managing Teams: A Strategy for Success. New York: Cengage Learning EMEA. Lipton, M. (2002). Guiding Growth: How Vision Keeps Companies on Course. Pennsylvania: Harvard Business Press.

Policy Analysis of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Essay

Policy Analysis of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act - Essay Example The main purpose of the given work is to analyze the benefits and drawbacks of the new policy and provide recommendations for improvement. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act: Policy Analysis Problems in the national health care system have long been a matter of serious public concern in the United States. Overspending, low efficiency, and the lack of insurance coverage have become the main policy priorities in America. More often than not, politicians and policymakers use health care problems to speed up their political careers. President Obama was probably the first to systematically address the problem of health care from within. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act marks a new stage in the evolution of American health care. Its potential benefits for common American citizens cannot be overestimated. Nonetheless, the controversy surrounding the ACA continues to persist, and it is imperative that policymakers address the existing policy inconsistencies, to ensu re that the proposed changes benefit the American society. Literature Review Needless to say, health care reforms and problems with health care provision are popular objects of empirical analysis. Much has been written and said about the main problems faced by American citizens and medical professionals. A wealth of strategies and recommendations was developed to improve the quality and efficiency of health care in the United States of America. Nonetheless, most policies provide only short-term solutions to issues surrounding health care provision. In this context, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is believed to have the potential to change the situation to the better. Given the scope of medical care problems in the United States, it is no wonder that the ACA has immediately become the most popular object of policy analysis. Health care professionals and medical practitioners provide their ideas regarding the new policy and evaluate its inconsistencies. Based on their findings, the proposed legal provisions exemplify both a promise and peril of health care in the U.S., depending on the direction American policymakers choose to take in their striving to improve the quality of medical care in America. In their study, Davis et al (2010) evaluate the financial consequences and implications of the new act. The authors analyze how the new law affects the quality, organization, and delivery of health care, financial incentives of health care providers, and its capacity to provide the best health care and improve health care outcomes for everyone (Davis et al, 2010). This study is probably the most successful attempt to reconsider the ACA from a financial viewpoint. Davis et al (2010) state that, prior to enactment of the Act, Medicate expenditures were projected to grow at 6.8 percent every year through 2019; with the ACA, these rates of growth will reduce by 5.5 percent. The fact is that the ACA involves a reform of Medicare, which will enhance the val ue of health care provided and, simultaneously, reduce the rates of spending growth (Davis et al, 2010). Another problem addressed by the ACA is the rapid growth of health care premiums, which burden millions of American families. With the new policy, including a public health insurance plan, system savings could reach an estimated $3 billion between 2010 and 2020 (Davis et al, 2010). The policy will also relieve the burden of health care pr